MBI 111 Microorganisms and Human Disease

Diseases Transmitted by Genitourinary Infection

Background

• Anatomy and associated host defense factors
  • urinary tract (male and female) - urethra, bladder, ureters and kidneys
    • physical

    • chemical

    • cellular

  • genital tract (male) - urethra (see above), seminal ducts
    • physical

    • chemical

    • cellular

  • genital tract (female) - vagina, uterus, fallopian tubes
    • physical

    • chemical

    • cellular

  • external genitalia
    • physical

    • chemical

    • cellular

• Epidemiology
  • etiology
    • urinary tract infections

    • genital tract infections

  • predisposing factors
    • sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)

    • non-STDs

• STD Hotline - (800) 227-8922
• AIDS Hotlines

Genitourinary Diseases

• Cystitis
  • epidemiology: Escherichia coli, other bacteria and fungi, including Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mycoplasma hominis (bacteria)

  • pathogenesis

  • treatment

  • prevention:

• Vaginosis
  • epidemiology: generally not considered STD; Candida albicans (fungus); Gardnerella vaginalis (bacterium); Trichomonas vaginalis (protozoan)

  • pathogenesis

  • treatment

  • prevention:

• Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS)
  • epidemiology: Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes (bacteria)

  • pathogenesis:

  • treatment:

  • prevention:

• Gonorrhea
  • epidemiology: Neisseria gonorrhoeae (bacterium)

  • pathogenesis

  • treatment

  • prevention:

• Chlamydial Disease
  • epidemiology: Chlamydia trachomatis (bacterium)

  • pathogenesis

  • treatment

  • prevention:

• Syphilis
  • epidemiology: Treponema pallidum (bacterium)

  • pathogenesis

  • treatment

  • prevention:

• Genital Herpes
  • epidemiology: Herpes Simplex Virus II (HSV-II)

  • pathogenesis

  • treatment

  • prevention:

• Genital Warts (Condylomata acuminata)
  • epidemiology: Human Papilloma Viruses

  • pathogenesis

  • treatment

  • prevention:

• Hepatitis B, C and D
  • epidemiology: Hepatitis Viruses B, C and D

  • pathogenesis

  • treatment

  • prevention:

• Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
  • epidemiology: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

  • pathogenesis

  • treatment

  • prevention:

A Guide to Safer Sex

• Be selective.
• Limit your sex partners.
• Use condoms.
• Do what's safest.
• Make sex good by doing only what feels right.
• Get tested.
• Watch for genital sores or unusual discharges.