630 Microbiology for Teachers

Microbial Growth Control

Definitions

• Sterilize 

   

• Disinfect

   

• -cidal

   

• -static

   

Radiation

• Ultraviolet (UV) light

   

   

• Ionizing radiation (X-rays, gamma rays)

   

   

Heating and Cooling

• Heating
  • Dry heat (oven)

   

   

  • Moist heat
    • Pasteurization

   

  • Canning

   

  • Autoclaving

   

• Cooling

   

Filtration

Dehydration

Growth Control in Food Microbiology

• Food spoilage
  • Perishability

   

   

  • Factors underlying perishability

   

   

• Food preservation
  • Control of perishability factors

   

   

  • Storage temperature (below 4C, above 60C)

   

  • Chemical preservatives retard microbial growth

   

   

Germicides - Antiseptics and Disinfectants

• Germicide
  • Definition

   

  • Examples

   

• Antiseptic
  • Definition

   

  • Examples

   

• Disinfectant
  • Definition

   

  • Examples

   

Antimicrobials - Antibiotics and Antimetabolites

• Origin
  • Antibiotics  

   

  • Antimetabolites

   

• Principles
  • Spectrum
    • Definition

   

  • Broad-spectrum

   

  • Effectiveness

   

  • Selective toxicity

   

  • Resistance
    • Acquired lack of sensitivity

   

  • Sensitivity testing

   

• Mechanisms of Action and Examples
  • Antimetabolites

   

  • Antibiotics interfere with:
    • Membrane function

   

  • Cell wall synthesis

   

  • Protein synthesis

   

  • Nucleic acid synthesis